NATIONAL
ADVISORY COUNCIL ON MIGRANT HEALTH (NACMH)
Meeting
February 9 - 10,
2009
Parklawn Building Rockville, MD 20857
MEETING PARTICIPANTS
Council Members:
Rogelio Fernandez, M.D. (Chair)
Rosita Castillo-Zavala (Vice-Chair)
Frances Canales
Susana Castro
Enedelia Cisneros
Michael DuRussel
Jose Manuel Gaytan
Roberto Gonzalez
Jose Lopez
John McFarland
Christina Ramos
Diana Sanchez
Emma Segarra-Gonzalez
Federal
Staff:
Dennis Williams, Ph.D., Deputy Administrator, Health
Resources and Services Administration
Jim Macrae, MA, MPP, Associate Administrator for
Primary Health Care, Health Resources and Services Administration
Donald Weaver, M.D., Deputy Associate Administrator,
Bureau of Primary Health Care, Health Resources and Services Administration
Capt. Henry Lopez, Jr., Director, Office of Minority
and Special Populations (OMSP),
Bureau of Primary Health Care, Health Resources and Services Administration
Marcia Gòmez, M.D., NACMH Designated Federal
Official (DFO); Senior Advisor on Migrant Health, Office of Minority and
Special Populations, Bureau of Primary Health Care, Health Resources and
Services Administration
Gladys Cate, NACMH Staff Support; Public Health
Analyst, Office of Minority and Special Populations, Bureau of Primary Health
Care, Health Resources and Services Administration
Presenters:
Matilde
Alvarado, Coordinator for Minority Health Education and Outreach Activities,
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institues of Health
Nick Cannell, Videographer,
Community Health Productions
Anne K. Nolon, CEO, Hudson
River Health Center
John Ruiz, Director, Health Systems, National
Association of Community Health Centers
Bobbi Ryder, CEO, National Center for Farmworker
Health
Guests:
Capt. Laverne Green, Senior Advisor, Office of
Minority and Special Populations, Bureau of Primary Health Care, Health
Resources and Services Administration
Susan Rogus,
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institues of Health
Jessica Sitko, HRSA Scholar
MONDAY, FEBRUARY 9
CALL TO ORDER AND
WELCOMING REMARKS
- Dr. Rogelio Fernandez - Chair
The Chair called the meeting to order at 8:50 a.m. and
welcomed all Council members and HRSA representatives. After a round of
introductions, he asked Dr. Weaver to introduce Dennis Williams, Deputy
Administrator of the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA).
WELCOME TO MARYLAND
- Dr. Dennis Williams, Deputy Administrator,
Health Resources and Services Administration
Dr. Williams welcomed the Council on behalf of HRSA
Administrator, Dr. Elizabeth Duke. He noted that each new administration brings
new priorities, new directions, and new ways of doing business. Dr. Williams
acknowledged the delay in appointing a new Secretary of Health and Human
Services (HHS) and informed the Council that Charles Johnson had been asked to
stay on as Acting Secretary during the interim. Mark Childress was on board as
the new Chief of Staff, and a handful of new political appointees were still
being processed. Dr. Williams noted that the approval of new Council members
was taking longer than usual due to the transition.
Dr. Williams stated that this was an exciting time for the
health care system, and the landscape was likely to change dramatically over
the next four years. He emphasized that advisory councils would play a pivotal
role, and he reminded Council members that NACMH served as HRSA’s eyes and ears
for issues related to special populations.
Dr. Williams informed the Council that the next few years
would bring improvements in HRSA’s ability to serve special populations.
Summarizing the provisions of the House and Senate versions of the stimulus
bill, he noted that the House bill included $500 million for Community Health
Centers and about $1 billion for renovation and repairs and purchase of health
information technology (HIT). The House bill also included funds for National
Health Service Corps (NHSC) clinicians, nurses, and training of primary care
physicians and dentists. The Senate bill included similar funds for repairs and
renovations, but it did not include provisions for services. The differences
would have to be worked out in committees. Dr. Williams noted that there would
be significant oversight regarding how the funds were spent and how many jobs
they created. With the help of the Council and all grantees, HRSA hoped to do a
good job.
Dr. Williams noted that the stimulus funds would support
one-time expenditures; they would be in addition to regular appropriations,
which support ongoing programs. Once the stimulus bill passed, Congress would
begin working on the omnibus appropriations bill for Fiscal year (FY) 2009. The
new administration was in the process of preparing the President’s budget
proposal for FY 2010, and HHS would submit its appropriations request to
Congress in the near future.
Dr. Williams stated that healthcare was likely to be a major
feature of both the recovery plan and the appropriations, and the Bureau of
Primary Health Care (BPHC) was ready for the challenge. He noted that the
HRSA-supported community health care system grew faster in the past eight years
than in the first four decades of the program; it is now the largest primary
care network in the nation, serving 56% more patients than the largest private
provider. The system now includes 1,200 health centers, with more than 7,000
permanent, seasonal, and mobile locations across the country that serve 1 out
of every 20 people living in the U.S. today. Special populations comprise 16% of the
health center client base; a third of those patients are MSFWs.
Dr. Williams emphasized that the Council’s voice was
important to HRSA. Its recommendations were reflected in the FY2009 budget
pending congressional approval, which includes $5 million for enabling services
for migrant health clinics, and $15 million for expansion of oral health,
mental health, and pharmacy services. Although the expansion grant funds were
not specifically targeted to special populations, Dr. Williams noted that
similar grants had helped health centers increase their migrant health patient
base by more than 15% since 2002. Noting that the Council had repeatedly
emphasized the critical need for more accurate demographic information on the
migrant population, Dr. Williams informed the Council that HRSA allocated $92,000
for an interagency agreement that would enable the Department of Labor to
expand the National Agricultural Worker Survey (NAWS) by increasing the number
of migrant worker contacts and the number of survey questions.
Dr. Williams stated that the projected workforce shortage
was the greatest challenge facing the health center system, and rural areas
would be impacted more severely than other areas. Dr. Williams noted that an
additional 27,000 primary care physicians would be required for the
physician/patient average in rural areas to reach the national average. The
Bureau of Health Professions recently reported a shortage in 200 health
professions, and a 2007 national survey found that only 2.9% of medical
students intended to practice outside of a major metropolitan area. The aging
of the current workforce compounds the problem. More than one-third of the
physicians in the U.S. are likely to retire in the next 10 to 15 years, and the average age of the
nursing workforce is the highest it has been since HRSA began tracking that
profession. Dr. Williams noted that HRSA-supported health centers added 13,000
frontline primary health care professionals in the past six years, but 5,000 to
6,000 clinical positions remain to be filled after the most recent expansion. He
stated that HRSA would host a national summit later this year to address this
issue, and he emphasized that the Council would be an important resource.
Because 92% of migrant workers are Spanish speakers, HRSA recognizes that its
workforce development plan should include bilingual training.
Dr. Williams informed the Council about the recent launch of
the HRSA-funded Health Workforce Information Center
(www.healthworkforceinfo.org).
Operated by the University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health
Sciences, the Center will provide user-friendly, online access to the latest
information on health workforce programs and funding sources; workforce data,
research, and policy; educational opportunities and models; best practices; and
related news and events. The Center will provide e-mail updates, and
information specialists will provide customized assistance online, by phone, or
by fax.
Dr. Williams thanked Council members for their service and
opened the floor for discussion.
Discussion
Responding to a question from John McFarland, Dr. Williams
confirmed that oral health was included in the new expansion grants and was a
high priority for Dr. Duke. He noted that a high proportion of health centers
now provide oral health services.
Dr. Fernandez expressed appreciation for the $5 million in
funding for enabling services. Dr. Williams stated that this was a good start;
he hoped that HRSA could build on it in the future.
Mike DuRussel asked Dr. Williams how HRSA promoted community
health centers to medical students. Dr. Williams outlined several mechanisms,
including the NHSC’s scholarship and loan repayment programs for physicians who
agree to serve in underserved areas and HRSA’s loan repayment program for
nurses. He noted that many health centers have established relationships with
medical schools in their communities. In response to a question from Jose
Lopez, Dr. Williams described the Bureau of Health Profession’s pipeline
program that provides grants to interest high school students in the health
professions. Dr. McFarland and Dr. Fernandez described high school programs in Arizona and Fresno, and
Dr. Williams noted that the Doctor’s Academy program in Fresno might be eligible for HRSA funding. Dr.
Weaver noted that the Workforce Center was designed to
serve as a national resource and encouraged Council members to submit
information on potential model programs.
Dr. Weaver noted that the Institute of Medicine
was conducting a summit on the oral health workforce, which was co-sponsored by
HRSA. He reminded the Council that health centers are designated as health
professional shortage areas (HPSAs); as such, they are eligible to compete for
NHSC resources. Unfortunately, many
health centers do not post their vacancies on the NHSC list, and some vacancies
are posted without a profile. He urged Council members to encourage their health
centers to list their vacancies with the NHSC. Dr. Williams also speculated
that the stimulus plan would include requirements to spend funds quickly; this
would favor centers that were ready to take advantage of the opportunities that
may arise.
Dr. Fernandez noted that most health centers in his area did
not score high enough to be eligible for NHSC resources. Dr. Weaver stated that
the scoring was determined by four criteria: shortage of clinicians; poverty
level of the population to be served; rate of infant mortality or low birth weight
(whichever statistic is higher); and distance or time to access the clinic. Dr.
Weaver recommended that centers review the score they receive due to the
automatic HPSA designation to determine if it accurately reflects the reality
of their center.
Dr. McFarland asked what percentage of scholarship or loan
repayments requests are approved. Dr. Weaver said he would provide the
information by the end of the meeting. Noting that additional scholarship and
loan repayment funds might be available through the stimulus bill, he
reiterated his advice about the importance of being prepared to act quickly.
BUREAU OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE (BPHC)/OFFICE OF MINORITY
AND SPECIAL POPULATIONS (OMSP)
- Marcia Gòmez, M.D., NACMH Designated Federal
Official; Senior Advisor on Migrant Health, OMSP
Dr. Gòmez provided an update on the
Bureau’s programs for special populations. She began by noting that the Council’s recommendations were reflected
in the new initiatives described by Dr. Williams, and she urged the Council to
continue to advocate strongly on behalf of MSFWs.
Addressing the issue of farmworker
demographics, Dr. Gòmez noted that Capt. Lopez and Mr. Macrae had found
additional funding to enable Migrant Clinicians Network (MCN) and the National
Center for Farmworker Health (NCFH) to conduct additional research that would
help health centers identify and understand the migrant populations they serve.
Dr. Gòmez informed the Council that MCN would make a presentation at the next
Council meeting in May.
Dr. Gòmez informed the Council that Shelly
Davis, Co-Executive Director of Farmworker Justice, lost her fight with cancer
in December. A moving tribute to her life was held at the Western Stream
Migrant Forum in January. Dr. Gòmez noted that Pamela Rao of MCN would take over
the work that Ms. Davis had been doing on pesticides and other issues.
Dr. Gòmez apologized for the delay in
appointments of new Council members. She informed the Council that Susana
Castro and Michael DuRussel had been nominated to serve as Chair and Vice
Chair, respectively. Dr. Gòmez noted that the nominees for both vacancies on
the Council are executive directors of migrant health centers (MHCs); their
appointments would ensure that clinicians are represented on Council. Dr. Gòmez
reminded the Council that three positions would become open in November 2009 and
urged members to suggest potential candidates.
Dr. Gòmez called the Council’s attention to
several items in the binder for the meeting, including a letter from the
California Primary Care Association (PCA) with recommendations regarding the
term for the Council chair and the number of meetings per year, and a letter
from Oscar Gòmez, executive director of Farmworker Health Services, thanking
the Council for the opportunity to make a presentation at the February 2008
meeting and for including the issues he raised in the Council’s recommendations
to the Secretary. She also noted that
the binder included the complete text of the enabling services Program Information
Notice (PIN), as well as a table summarizing the status of the Council’s
recommendations from the past eight years.
Dr. Gòmez stated that the National Institute
for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) of the Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention (CDC) was interested in adding health questions to the National
Agricultural Workers Survey (NAWS). She encouraged Council members to submit
suggestions for issues that should be addressed through the NAWS.
Dr. Gòmez informed the Council that she and
Gladys Cate had met with the Agency for Children and Families (ACF) regarding
Migrant Head Start. She noted that a new working group was being formed to
discuss how agencies within HHS can work together to better serve the migrant
population, and she encouraged the Council to make recommendations that she
could carry to the working group. Dr. Gòmez acknowledged that Andrea Weathers
had significant expertise regarding Head Start issues. Dr. Weathers noted that
children are not currently included in the NAWS data and suggested adding
questions about children.
Referring to the Council’s recommendation that funding be
maintained for the national cooperative agreements, Dr. Gòmez informed the
Council that non-competing grant applications for cooperative agreements will
be due in March 2009.
Dr. Gòmez noted that the 2002 Presidential Initiative was
focused on expanding the health center network. The focus is now shifting to
ensuring that those new health centers can survive. Going forward, the national
cooperative agreements would be providing more hands-on training and technical
assistance to support the sustainability of health centers.
Dr. Gòmez stated that she and Ms. Cate would be
participating in site visits to new health centers to ensure that they were
meeting the needs of special populations.
Dr. Gòmez noted that the executive director of the Latino
Behavioral Health Institute had asked OMSP to develop workshops on migrant
mental health issues for the Institute’s annual conference. She asked Council
members to recommend issues that should be addressed in these workshops.
Capt. Lopez thanked Dr. Gòmez and Ms. Cate for their
dedication and hard work, and Dr. Fernandez thanked Dr. Gòmez for her support
during his term as chair. He added that the table summarizing the Council’s
recommendations would be helpful when developing new recommendations.
UPDATE ON
POLICY AND OTHER ISSUES
- John Ruiz, Director, Health Systems, National
Association of Community Health Centers
Mr. Ruiz welcomed the Council members to Washington and provided an overview of the
current policy environment and future directions for migrant health services.
He focused his presentation on four issues: access, quality of services, data,
and collaborative relationships
Mr. Ruiz stated that the historic nature of the recent
election had been overwhelmed by the economic crisis. Noting that the stimulus
plan and the president’ mandate to revamp the health care system would result
in dramatic changes for health centers, he urged the Council to remain focused
on the issue of access.
Mr. Ruiz reviewed the key provisions of the State Children’s
Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) reauthorization bill that was recently passed
by Congress. He noted that legal immigrants would no longer be required to wait
five years before enrolling; in addition, the prospective payment system was
now included in the program. These changes would result in more reimbursements
for health centers. The bill also directed the Secretary of HHS to revisit and
coordinate discussions around portability and interstate compacts. Mr. Ruiz
noted that the stimulus package included language related to interstate
compacts and might include funding for demonstration projects. He urged the
Council to strengthen its relationships with the policy and program community,
because these groups could assist in monitoring pending legislation.
Turning to a discussion of immigration reform, Mr. Ruiz
noted that the Secretary-designate for the Department of Labor had spoken in
favor of immigrants. The guest worker/H2A visa program was revised by the
previous administration to incorporate changes that favor growers. Mr. Ruiz
expected that those provisions would be reversed. If not, the policy community
must address that issue because immigration policy affects the makeup of the
agricultural workforce.
Mr. Ruiz stated that NACHC was focusing its efforts on
access. The goal of its access plan for 2015 was to double the size of the
health center program, including proportional growth of the migrant health
program.
Mr. Ruiz acknowledged that the new enabling services PIN was
a direct result of the Council’s work, in collaboration with the policy
community. The president’s initiative during the past eight years was focused
on expansion, yet UDS data show that health centers only reach about 22% of
MSFWs. Mr. Ruiz stressed the importance of focusing on access so that health
centers could obtain funding to improve the quality of their services and
provide outreach programs to identify and meet the needs of MSFWs in their
catchment areas. In order to ensure that funds are directed appropriately, it
is essential to know what services health centers currently provide and what
they need. The UDS and NAWS are important sources of data to answer those
questions. Mr. Ruiz emphasized that the opportunity to participate in
developing questions for the next NAWS would help the Council obtain the
information it needs to help the Secretary manage the migrant health program.
Mr. Ruiz noted that NACHC’s access plan included strategies
to address Medicare and the Medicare cap. He emphasized that technology was
also important, and the stimulus package would include significant funds for
HIT. Mr. Ruiz stated that the migrant health program illustrates the importance
of portability, which affects all Americans. The Council and NACHC could be an
important source of information on how to deal with mobile populations.
Looking forward, Mr. Ruiz advised the Council to focus on
issues related to patients, including immigration reform; strengthening the
base appropriations; and obtaining data on troubled programs in order to
provide the technical assistance they need to remain viable. He suggested that
the Council’s communications with the Secretary should focus on access and
should emphasize the importance of including farmworkers in the stimulus
package and ongoing appropriations. Mr. Ruiz emphasized that the new
administration and the economic stimulus program provided important
opportunities, and he urged the Council to take advantage of its status as an
established body to open up lines of communication with the new Secretary.
Mr. Ruiz urged the Council to strengthen its relationships
with the policy and program community, the national collaborative agreement
grantees, and other federal agencies that serve MSFWs, such as the Department
of Education and the Department of Housing. He noted that the Kaiser Health
Policy report and websites for NACHC and other organizations were good sources
of timely information.
Mr. Ruiz stated that he was looking forward to seeing the
Council in San Antonio.
He thanked Council members for their work and opened the floor for discussion.
Discussion
Dr. Weathers asked Mr. Ruiz if he thought the Council should
hear from a wider range of people. Mr. Ruiz replied that the Council’s primary
focus should be on the migrant health program, but he encouraged it to invite
experts in other areas to make brief presentations.
Rosita Castillo thanked NACHC and Mr. Ruiz for providing
insights that were helpful in developing the Council’s recommendations. Mr.
Ruiz noted that the migrant health program had expanded in recent years, and
the quality of services had improved. The Council is in a strong position to
play a leading role in preparing the system for the significant growth that
will occur in the next phase.
Dr. Fernandez asked how the Council could make the case that
additional funding for ancillary staff would allow programs to reach
farmworkers who are not currently being served, when many centers are already
operating at maximum capacity. Mr. Ruiz said that he would take that question
to the research staff at NACHC, and he identified several key questions: What do we need to do to serve more MSFWs? Do
we need more access points, or do we need to expand existing operations? Does
the HRSA strategy work for farmworkers? If not, the Council needs to use its
expertise to inform that strategy.
Ms. Castillo noted that her clinic serves a highly mobile,
primarily male population, and many single males do not utilize preventive
services. Mr. Ruiz agreed that it was important to determine how to reach a
larger population, especially since the program was moving away from the model
of mobile services.
Mr. DuRussel noted that the Council wanted the migrant
health program to get its share of the stimulus funds, but it also wanted to
use the funds in the right way. Dr. Fernandez stated that sustainability was
the key issue. Mr. Ruiz suggested using the one-time funds provided by the
stimulus package for outreach services, which are usually the first to be cut.
Dr. Weathers stated that her research found that many MSFWs
do not know where to go, and/or they do not have transportation to get there.
Many are new workers, or have moved to new locations. She suggested that an
information campaign could help to increase awareness of the migrant health
program. Dr. Gòmez stated that this was a major rationale for the enabling
services grant.
Dr. Gòmez thanked Mr. Ruiz for his presentation and welcomed
Bobbi Ryder, who made her presentation via conference call.
PRESENTATION BY NATIONAL CENTER FOR FARMWORKER HEALTH
- Table 3A Patients by Age and Gender
- Table 3B Patients by Race/Ethnicity/Language
- Table 4 Patients by Socioeconomic Characteristics
(poverty, insurance source, and selected patient characteristics)
- Table 5: Staffing and Utilization
- Table 6: Selected Diagnoses and Services (e.g.,
selected infectious diseases, respiratory diseases, other medical and childhood
conditions, mental health and substance abuse conditions, diagnostic and
preventive, and dental services)
Ms. Ryder reviewed the MHC rollup report for
calendar year 2007. She emphasized that the UDS provides hard data that can be
used to support the need for MHC services and determine funding allocations.
For example, data from Table 3 showing that 78% of MHC patients are best served
in languages other than English could be used to substantiate the need for
translation services.
Ms. Ryder noted that the system would soon have
four years of accumulated data on special poppulations, which would make it
possible to compare trends in disparities and articulate distinctions.
Individually, each special population represents a small percentage of health
center patients, but taken together, they represent nearly 23% of patients. Ms.
Ryder stressed the importance of allocating funds appropriately to ensure that
the needs of all patients are met.
Ms. Ryder pointed out that the selected
diagnoses reported in Table 6 do not include occupational-related illness and
injury, which is an important category for migrant health. However, this
information is available at the health-center level. Ms. Ryder stated that the
new performance measures promoted by BPHC presented a compelling opportunity
for grantees to conduct practice-based research.
Ms. Ryder turned to a discussion of her
proposed research. The goal of her study is to determine how
farmworker-specific UDS data could be used to increase access and improve
quality and efficiency related to cost. She developed 13 proposed research
questions, which she intends to share with the Farmworker Health Network (FHN)
after obtaining input from the Council.
Ms. Ryder presented four of her proposed
questions and the data source, probable use, and recommendation for each:
1. The Basics: What is the
distribution of users by age and gender and the split between migratory and
seasonal farmworkers?
- Data Source: Table 3A and Table
4
- Probable Use: OMSP and TA
providers understand and identify migrant-relevant performance measures and
quality improvement needs.
- Recommendation: Study distribution
by grantee, by state, and by region to monitor changing trends and proactively
anticipate need.
2. Finding New Grantees: How many
CHCs report seeing farmworkers but do not receive 330G funding? Who are they,
and how many farmworkers do they serve? (Dr. Gòmez interjected that she had
information related to the first question, which she would share with the
Council and the FHN)
- Data Source: Table 4
(Farmworkers Reported) and population estimation data
- Probable Use: TA providers and
HRSA identify potential new applicants for 330G funding in areas of highest
population density.
- Recommendation: Complete population
estimation work and convene an interagency work group to cross reference and
analyze.
3. Distribution of Population: Are
there MHCs that have more farmworkers in their area than what they are funded
to serve? If so, what is their penetration rate?
- Data Source: Table 4 (Users),
funding data, and population estimates
- Probable Use: TA providers and
HRSA prioritize TA and financial resources to increase MHC capacity and patient
access in areas of highest population concentration.
- Recommendation: Complete population
estimation work and convene an interagency work group to analyze and identify
unmet need.
4. Health Center Capacity: How does
“health services utilization” by farmworkers compare to the services utilized
by other, non-special populations?
- Data Source: Table 5
(Utilization & Staffing) for farmworks, other Special Populations, and all
others
- Probable Use: Identify
differences in availability and utilization of services to increase capacity of
MHCs and inform resource allocation.
- Recommendation: Compare farmworker
data to universal data (minus other special populations data) regarding staffing
patterns for mental health, dental, and enabling services staff. OMSP and FHN
to discuss findings and formulate recommendations.
Ms.Ryder reiterated that she would appreciate
suggestions from Council to help finalize the research questions, and she opened
the floor for discussion.
Discussion
Dr. McFarland
emphasized that data drive all decisions, and he felt that Ms. Ryder’s proposed
study was on track. He noted that Table 5 probably includes duplicate numbers.
For example, medical and dental patients are not always different individuals.
He asked if any of the reports could provide unduplicated numbers. Ms. Ryder
stated that this question illustrated the need for a national MHC data
warehouse that would collect information such as user and encounter data,
billing data, and primary and secondary diagnoses. Dr. Gòmez noted that
utilization is not patient-specific.
Roberto Gonzales
stated that the Council should continue to emphasize the need for culturally
and linguistically competent providers in areas where farmworkers are located.
Ms. Ryder agreed that this was very important. The challenge is to find data to
support the recommendation.
Dr. Fernandez
thanked Ms. Ryder for her informative presentation and adjourned the meeting
for lunch.
PRESENTATION BY THE
NATIONAL HEART, LUNG AND BLOOD INSTITUTE (NHLBI), NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH
(NIH)
- Ms. Matilde Alvarado, Coordinator for the Minority
Health Education and Outreach Activities
- Train-the-trainer: Trained promotores
train other promotores on how to use the manual. Evaluative measures: number
and percent of changes in knowledge and skills of promotores.
- Community education: (a) Teach the
manual to the community. Evaluative measures: number and percent of changes in
knowledge, attitude, and behavior. (b) Teach the manual and conduct heart
health screenings. Evaluative measures: number and percent of changes in
knowledge, attitude, and behavior and the number and percent referred and
follow-up with provider.
- Lifestyle and clinical management to help
patients manage risk factors and make lifestyle changes. Evaluative measures:
number and percent of changes in knowledge, attitude, and behavior, the number
and percent of changes in clinical values, the number and percent of patients
taking medications, and the number and percent of patients contacted for
followup.
Discussion
Ms. Castillo commented that the project would
be an excellent model for onging education via radio. Ms. Alvarado noted that
the tools were designed to be used in different settings, from CHCs to radio
and outreach activities, and she mentioned that a public television station in
Chicago had used the novellas and other project materials.
Christina Ramos thanked Ms. Alvarado for her
presentation and for documenting the importance and impact of promotores.
Enedelia Cisneros commented that the SPSC tools supported family involvement in
the education process and the program was very cost effective. Jose Lopez
appreciated the fact that SPSC was a standardized program that could be
customized to meet local needs. He felt that credentialing for instructors
would be an important step.
Ms. Sanchez noted that the program addresses
weight and other preventive health issues. Ms. Alvarado stated that the new
model allows instructors to combine classes and deliver several sessions at
once.
Dr. Fernandez asked how the Council could
support the project. Ms. Alvarado suggested that the Council recommend offering
the SPSC program at all migrant health clinics. Dr. Fernandez noted that
evaluation data would support that recommendation.
SUBCOMMITTEE MEETINGS
The Council broke into subcommittees for the remainder of
the afternoon to identify issues for the next set of recommendations.
RECAP FOR NEXT DAY
- Ms.
Castillo-Zavala - Co-Chair
Ms. Castillo summarized the highlights of the information
presented by Dr. Williams, Mr. Ruiz, Ms. Ryder, and Ms. Alvarado. Following her
summary, the subcommittees reported on the issues they discussed during their
meetings.
Public Policy and Advocacy
The subcommittee proposed that stimulus funds be used to
establish an Educational Resource Center
at every migrant health center serving. The resource centers would offer health
and wellness information produced by and for Latinos, including videos, DVDs,
books, brochures, and other materials. Resource centers would have an
electronic bulletin board or TV monitor and would be gathering places for
students, patients, and community members.
Migrant Health Services
The subcommittee noted that HIT would help address the need
for portability of information and discussed what the migrant health program
would need to do to be prepared to make use of this technology. The
subcommittee also discussed the need to make specialty care more available and
affordable for MSFWs and the need to increase the number of culturally
appropriate providers.
Access, Resources, and Funding
The subcommittee stressed the importance of maintaining a
focus on access. Committee members noted that access begins with the attitude
of the clinic receptionist. The subcommittee also presented case examples that
emphasized the importance of culturally appropriate enabling services and
extended clinic hours.
Discussion
Susana Castro emphasized the importance of flexibility in
order to tailor programs to local needs.
TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 10
DIALOGUE
WITH COUNCIL MEMBERS
- Capt. Henry Lopez, Jr. - Director, OMSP
Dr. Fernandez called the meeting to order at 9:00 a.m. and
welcomed Capt. Lopez, who provided an update on the activities of OMSP.
Capt. Lopez noted that during his first year at OMSP he had
learned a great deal about those who provide so much, yet are taken for
granted. Emphasizing that the Council’s passion keeps the migrant health
program going, Capt. Lopez stated that it was a pleasure to work with the
Council, and an honor to work with his staff.
Capt. Lopez informed the Council that he had organized his
staff into two teams to more effectively address the needs of special
populations. Dr. Gòmez and Ms. Cate were given the leading role for migrant
health issues.
Capt. Lopez emphasized his commitment to the Council and his
desire to be proactive to obtain funds for the migrant health program. He urged
the Council to look at the big picture and come up with plans that he could
promote; the Bureau would take care of the details.
Capt. Lopez acknowledged that the new secretary would bring
a new leadership team, but HRSA’s work would not change. He emphasized that the
new administration wanted to hit the ground running and was looking for good
ideas. The health centers would be a key part of stimulus package, and Capt.
Lopez was committed to making sure that funds were used to put people to work
in the migrant health program. He noted that the worst thing the Council could
hear was, “You should have said something—we could have funded it.”
Capt. Lopez reported that OMSP met with the national
cooperative agreements (NCAs) in September 2008 to develop a new strategic
plan. As part of this strategy, the NCAs formed the Farmworker Health Network
(FHN) in order to collaborate more effectively.
Capt. Lopez noted that special populations represent nearly
20% of the health center budget. One-third of the special population patients
are migrant farmworkers, therefore, Capt. Lopez, Dr. Gòmez, and Ms. Cate had
begun to accompany project officers on site visits to migrant health grantees.
Capt. Lopez expressed his commitment to providing the
Council’s input during the development of Program Information Notices (PINs)
and Program Assistance Letters (PALs), which establish policies and procedures
for the health center program .
Capt. Lopez expressed his commitment to maintaining the
Council’s face-to-face meetings and conference calls. He noted that he would
like to set up a monthly conference call for the Council to maintain the
momentum of its work. Dr. Gòmez noted that monthly conference calls would not
entail more work for the Council. Rather, she would work with the subcommittees
to use them more effectively. She emphasized that when she contacts Council
members for feedback or comments, the issues they discuss should not be shared
with those outside the Council.
Capt. Lopez reported that he was taking steps to improve the
process for submitting the Council’s recommendations to the Secretary and the
timeline for approving travel plans.
Discussion
Jose Lopez asked how MHCs that are not represented on the
Council could provide input and asked if a web portal could be developed to
enable them to submit suggestions. Capt. Lopez stated OMSP informs MHCs of
issues raised by the Council. Dr. Gòmez pointed out that the HRSA website
includes an “Ask HRSA” link. Questions pertaining to migrant health that are
submitted through that link are forwarded to her, and she asks the Council to
respond. She also noted that Council members were permitted to solicit input
from their community, but she cautioned them about taking on too much
additional work.
Ms. Castillo asked whether the HRSA website would be
available in Spanish. Capt. Lopez said he would check with the Office of
Communications. Ms. Castillo also noted that Council members are often asked
about policy issues. She urged Council members to refer those questions to
Capt. Lopez or Dr. Gòmez.
Dr. Weathers asked how the Council could help OMSP. Capt.
Lopez reiterated his request for big-picture ideas that he could promote to the
Secretary and within HRSA. He encouraged the Council to be proactive and
creative, especially with proposals for the stimulus funds.
Capt. Lopez thanked Council members for their work and
encouraged them to contact him or Dr. Gòmez at any time.
COUNCIL
DISCUSSION – FUTURE DIRECTIONS OF THE COUNCIL
- Dr.
Rogelio Fernandez - Chair
Dr. Fernandez noted that Dr. Gòmez had proposed making
greater use of the subcommittees during the time between Council meetings so
the Council could be more productive. He invited Council members to share their
thoughts about the challenges and needs facing the migrant health program.
Ms. Cisneros stated that outreach and transportation
services were essential to identify migrant farmworkers and provide access to
services. Dr. Gòmez stressed that outreach staff must understand that MHP
funding is targeted for migratory and seasonal farmworkers.
Dr. McFarland raised an issue that he described as
“financial viability for farmworkers to access care.” He expressed concern that
fee scales vary widely among CHCs and stressed the need for fees to be
affordable and consistent, since MSFWs visit different health centers as they
move. Dr. Gòmez stated that the MHCs provide services on sliding fee scales;
she also noted that 80% of MSFW families should be eligible for free services.
Dr. Weathers expressed concern that the barriers to access
and the size and nature of the MSFW population are not clearly understood. She
proposed funding a Center for the Study of Migrant Health. Such a center could conduct and archive
research on the health of migrants, and thereby inform policy and program
efforts for migrant workers and their families, as well as have a key role in
supporting and training scientists interested in studying migrant health.
Jose Gaytan noted that transportation is a challenge for
many MSFWs. It would be helpful to have more doctors who provide services in
the field.
Ms. Segarra stated that the migrant health program in Puerto Rico has excellent facilities that provide
comprehensive services. Employers need more information about the clinics so
they can inform their workers.
Mr. DuRussel expressed concern that more people would turn
to agricultural work due to the economic downturn. He emphasized that clinic
hours must be flexible to accommodate farmworkers’ schedules.
Dr. Fernandez stated that most health centers in California were at full
capacity, which limits access. Construction of new facilities and additional
physicians and dentists would help to alleviate the situation. Referring to
changing migratory patterns, Dr. Fernandez emphasized the need to obtain
accurate information on the number and location of farmworkers.
Jose Lopez described a company that brings farmworkers from
Puerto Rico to New York
that provides a physician for its workers. The company is unwilling to allow its workers to utilize the local MHC,
which offers more comprehensive services. Mr. Lopez also noted that it is
difficult to attract providers to rural areas, and visa issues make it
difficult to recruit foreign providers.
Dr. Weathers noted that half of the children served by MHCs
in North Carolina
were unaccompanied minors. She suggested that it would be important to
determine how this trend would impact the migrant health program.
Ms. Castillo agreed that identification and tracking of
migrant groups was very important. She noted that her area had a continuous
influx of MSFWs from indigenous communities who were not accustomed to
receiving medical services such as prenatal care or immunizations. Ms. Castillo
suggested that each clinic should have a system to track the local MSFW
population so it could tailor its services to meet their needs. To increase
their sustainability outside of the growing season, MHCs should reach out to
other underserved populations in the community, including the elderly,
homeless, and unemployed.
Mr. Nimmo said his clinic was fortunate to have an
excellent executive director who was aggressive about pursuing grants and
accessing resources. He identified several challenges facing MHCs, including
creating access, enumerating and identifying MSFW populations, and developing a
uniform model of affordable care.
Mr. Gonzales stated his area needed additional providers,
transportation services, and clinic hours that accommodate farmworkers’
schedules. He noted that he was working with the board of his clinic to extend
the service hours for MSFWs.
Ms. Canales reiterated the need for more doctors and
dentists. She noted that the waiting list for dental appointments in Minnesota was longer
than the growing season. Ms. Canales also expressed concern that private
doctors who participate in the voucher program are unwilling to see farmworkers
who do not have translators. She emphasized that children should not be
translators for their parents.
Ms. Castro thought that the most important issues facing
MSFWs were continuity of care and portability of medical records. She suggested
that medical records be provided on CD so that patients could take them with
them.
Ms. Ramos stated that some MSFWs in the Rio Grande Valley
go to Mexico because medical care and prescriptions are cheaper and the local CHC has a long
waiting list. She expressed concern that many people cannot afford passports,
which will be required to cross the border after June. Ms. Ramos noted that
outreach workers in Michigan
overcame the challenge of locating migrant camps by working with health
inspectors. She also described an effective strategy of using outreach workers
to conduct patient surveys in the camps, which resulted in a high response
rate.
Ms. Sanchez felt that dental care was the greatest unmet
need. She noted that some health center dentists would not treat pregnant women
because they were concerned about pre-term labor. Dr. McFarland responded that
pregnant patients should not be denied access to dental services, especially in
an emergency.
Ms. Castro raised the issue of patient satisfaction. She
stated that patients will return to a clinic where they are treated well and
they trust the providers; they will not return if they do not feel at
home. Dr. Gòmez responded that Jim
Macrae was very concerned about this issue, and she informed the Council that
HRSA was in the process of developing a patient satisfaction survey.
Dr. Fernandez noted that access, affordability, cultural
competence, shortage of physicians, and immigration issues were recurring
themes. The Council must do its part to make the Secretary aware of these
problems.
PRESENTATION: “HONORING THE HANDS”
- Anne K. Nolon, CEO, Hudson River Health Center
- Nick Cannell,
Videographer, Community Health Productions
REPORT BACK
FROM SUBCOMMITTEES
Migrant Health Services
Subcommittee members reviewed the
issues that were discussed during the Council’s meeting in New Orleans, including comprehensive primary
care services and the need to identify key elements of successful programs.
The subcommittee noted that HIT would
play an important role in supporting portability of health records. Key issues
were the feasibility and effectiveness of HIT models on a national scale. The subcommittee also identified the need for
workforce development and strategies to make specialty care more available and
affordable.
Addressing workforce issues, Dr.
Fernandez noted that fewer students were going to medical school, and fewer
medical students were choosing a career in primary care. He stressed the need
to develop the pipeline by interesting students in health care careers at an
early age. The NHSC was an important part of that strategy.
Council members suggested that the
stimulus package could be a good opportunity to fund HIT systems, which would
be expensive. It would be important for systems to communicate across clinics,
given the mobility of migrant populations. Jose Lopez compared HIT to ATM
systems. He noted that when ATMs were first introduced, customers could only
use machines at their own bank; now, ATMS are linked in networks around the
world.
Dr. Gòmez cautioned that the
government could not endorse any one HIT system. Council members suggested that
they could express a concern about the potential lack of uniformity of HIT
systems across health centers. One Council member suggested that open license
software would be a potential solution.
Dr. Gòmez offered to invite the HRSA
Office of Information Technology (OIT) to make a presentation at a future
meeting. Council members agreed that this would be valuable. Dr. Gòmez stated
that she would ask the Council to provide a list of technology issues that are
of concern to migrant populations.
Access, Resources, and Funding
The subcommittee reiterated their view
that patient satisfaction was an important element of access. If patients are
happy with the care they receive, they will continue to come back and will
encourage their friends and family to use the services.
The subcommittee recommended that
stimulus funds be used to expand MHC services to reach more patients and reduce
waiting times.
Public Policy and Advocacy
The subcommittee expanded on their concept of an Educational Resource Center
for MHCs. They noted that the resource centers could provide training and tools
for the promotora program. High school and college students and community
members could produce written materials or public service announcements for
local radio and TV. The resource centers could save doctors’ time and alleviate
patients’ concerns by explaining procedures in advance.
Subcommittee members suggested that the resources could be
available on the Internet, in libraries, and on DVD, as well as at a physical
location at each clinic.
Capt. Lopez and Dr. Gòmez noted that HRSA had a wide range
of free materials, many of which were available online. Council members
suggested that each clinic could decide what materials would be relevant for
their patients. Stimulus funding could be used to provide every MHC with
physical space and equipment for a resource center. One Council member stated
that a resource center should be a program expectation, and not an option.
COUNCIL DISCUSSION
The Council reviewed the draft letter that had been
developed based on Council discussions and testimonies heard during the
November 2008 meeting in New Orleans. The letter contained the following
recommendations:
- Continue support of primary care services, build and
expand the MHC model through identification and strengthening of the components
that make it successful.
- Expand and strengthen the National Health Service Corps
to ensure workforce expansion and development among all disciplines in primary
care.
- Support increased collaborations and partnerships with
other entities to ensure delivery of comprehensive primary care services and
increase diversity of service.
- Achieve portability of insurance coverage and clinical
records for migrant and seasonal farmworkers and their families
- Give MHCs the flexibility to serve smaller numbers and
do not penalize grantees for not reaching target numbers due to issues beyond
their control
- Ensure that MHC board members, staff, and patients are
aware that health care services provided by FQHCs are exempt from the Public
Charge Law.
Dr. Gòmez suggested that the letter should provide concrete
examples of what the Council wanted, as well as a rationale explaining how the
recommendation would benefit the migrant health program. She urged the Council
to think about its top priorities for the stimulus funds. Capt. Lopez recommended
using more action words.
Ms. Castro, Dr. Weathers, Dr. Fernandez, and Ms. Castillo
agreed to revise the letter to incorporate issues raised during this meeting
and suggestions offered by Dr. Gòmez and Capt. Lopez.
Dr. Gòmez noted that the Council’s next meeting would be
held in San Antonio,
in conjunction with the NACHC conference. The Council agreed to meet on May
14-15, with return travel on Saturday, May 16. Dr. Gòmez said that she would
look into obtaining funds for Council members whose conference registration
fees were not already covered by their health center.
Dr. Fernandez proposed that the Council hold its first
meeting of FY 2010 in Washington, D.C. in November. This would
enable the Council to meet with the new HHS Secretary and to attend the Western
stream conference in January. Council members supported this idea.
BUREAU OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE (BPHC)/OFFICE OF MINORITY
AND SPECIAL POPULATIONS (OMSP)
- Mr. Jim Macrae, Associate Administrator for Primary
Health Care
Capt. Lopez introduced Jim Macrae and commended
him for his commitment to and passion for primary care.
Mr. Macrae expressed regret that planning for
the economic stimulus package made it difficult for him to attend the Council’s
meeting. Mr. Macrae stated that the stimulus would include funding for
health center construction and renovation; it might also provide some funds for
services and for NHSC expansion. To ensure accountability and transparency, the
administration was launching a dedicated website to monitor how funds were
spent (www.recovery.gov).
Mr. Macrae stated that dialog with the Council
helped BPHC staff do their jobs better. He hoped that the Council had seen that
HRSA responded to its recommendations, as evidenced by the new grant for
enabling services. Mr. Macrae assured the Council that the Bureau was trying to
respond to its concerns in other areas, such as the minimum number of patients
served, the need for enumeration studies, and immigration issues. He noted that
HRSA was holding firm on its position that the Section 330 law prohibits CHCs
from inquiring about immigration status. Mr. Macrae also stated that the new
SCHIP policy was an important opportunity for health centers.
Referring to the new administration’s emphasis
on accountability, Mr. Macrae emphasized that BPHC needed the Council’s help to
make sure that funding reaches MSFWs and their families. He assured the Council
that he would keep the new Secretary informed of the migrant health program and
the work of the Council.
Discussion
Dr. Fernandez told Mr. Macrae that the migrant
health community was very excited about the enabling services grant and thanked
him for pushing it through so quickly. Dr. Gòmez noted that 150 people
participated in a recent technical assistance conference call regarding grant
applications.
Responding to a question, Mr. Macrae stated
that no stimulus funds were specifically allocated for the MHP. HRSA was planning to apply the same formula
as it uses for the Section 330 programs.
Ms. Cisneros reiterated the importance of
funding for outreach and transportation services.
Ms. Castro emphasized that patients must be
satisfied with the health care they receive and how they are treated at the
clinics. Mr. Macrae noted that BPHC was conducting a national patient survey,
with oversampling of special populations. The survey instrument included
questions about whether the patient feels respected. Mr. Macrae stated that he
would like to conduct a patient satisfaction survey and would welcome ideas
from the Council. Dr. Weaver suggested that it would also be useful to conduct
a provider satisfaction survey.
Responding to a questions about enumeration
studes, Mr. Macrae stated that the administration was working on obtaining a
more accurate count of MSFWs in the 2010 census. Ms. Ramos suggested using
promotoras to conduct the census, because they are known and trusted in the
community. Dr. Weathers stated that, in her experience, outreach workers were
the only way for researchers to access the migrant population.
Jose Lopez noted that many clinics were
converting to electronic health records (EHRs) and asked how patients would
access their records when they migrate. Mr. Macrae stated that, as a first
step, EHRs are now required to be interoperable so they can communicate with
each other. HRSA was looking at establishing regional centers that would be
linked with state systems. Mr. Macrae emphasized that any system created for
HRSA must meet the needs of the populations that the health centers serve. HRSA
needs the Council to provide feedback regarding what MSFWs need in the area of
HIT.
Mr. Macrae noted that the health care priorities of the new
administration would include many opportunities to move forward with the
migrant health agenda. The top priority would be health care reform, but BPHC
would also emphasize the importance of a health care home. Prevention and
health disparities would be key issues, and HIT would be emphasized, with a
push for electronic health records by 2014. Workforce development initiatives
would include a renewed emphasis on promoting primary health care and
associated disciplines.
Dr. Fernandez reiterated Dr. McFarland’s request for a
dental clinic in every health center. Mr. Macrae noted that HRSA received 300
applications for the current round of dental health expansion grants.
Dr. Fernandez thanked Macrae for his presentation and for
his dedication to the migrant health program.
LOGISTICAL INFORMATION
Ms. Cate reviewed the procedures for travel reimbursements
and urged Council members to submit their forms as soon as possible.
The Council thanked Dr. Fernandez and Ms. Castillo for their
service as Chair and Vice-Chair.
Dr. Fernandez adjourned the meeting at 5:09 p.m.
ACTION ITEMS
- Capt. Lopez will contact the HRSA Office of
Communications regarding a Spanish version of the HRSA website.
- Dr. Gòmez will invite the HRSA Office of
Technology to make a presentation on HIT at the Council’s next meeting in Washington.
- Dr. Gòmez will ask the Council to identify
technology issues that are of concern to migrant populations.
- Dr. Gòmez will look into funding registration
fees for the NACHC conference for those Council members whose registration is
not already covered by their health center.
NEXT MEETING: May 14-15, 2009, San Antonio, Texas
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